Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common parasitic infections, being caused by the protozoar Toxoplasma gondi, which manifests in two forms: congenital and acquired.
Transmission of toxoplasmosis occurs via the digestive tract (inadequately undercooked meat consumption, consumption of food contaminated with toxoplasm cysts such as unwashed vegetables), by inappropriately unfiltered water, or through contact with infested cat feces, (by using dirty hands), or by air (contaminated air, or transplacental route), (if the infection occurs during pregnancy), by transfusions of infected blood, or organ transplantation.
Many newborns with toxoplasmosis have no early signs of toxoplasm infection, however, many doctors recommend antibiotic treatment anyway.
Acquired toxoplasmosis is often latent and asymptomatic, and when it manifests it has the following symptoms: enlargement of cervical, axial, inguinal lymph nodes, fever, muscle pain, headache, nausea, irritation to the skin in the form of a hives or eye manifestations such as blurred vision, red eyes. Severe forms usually occur in organisms with compromised immunity.
Protozoa gondi multiplies asexually at the cellular level, forming pesudochysts. Subsequently, pseudocysts can calcify in the internal organs.
Medical tests
In principle, it must be determined whether toxoplasmosis is present, resulting in IgG negative and IgM positive IgG antibodies.
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